Main types of security feature of banknotes

Banknote security features are designed to protect against counterfeiting and ensure the authenticity of banknotes. These features are incorporated into the design of banknotes to make them difficult to reproduce or counterfeit. Some common banknote security features include:

Machine readable features

UV features: Ultraviolet (UV) reactive inks or elements that are visible only under UV light;
IR features: – The infrared characteristics of banknotes — IR-absorbing and IR-transparent inks;
MG – magnetic coding systems for security threads, from simple yes/no recognition through to complex coding (MultiCode);
Visible image – the correspondence of the visual image of the banknote to the reference one;
RGB — the parameters of the ratio of the color scale of the banknote.

Visual features

Watermarks: These are translucent images or patterns embedded in the banknote paper that become visible when held up to the light;
Microperforation and Microprinting: Tiny, intricate holes, text or patterns that are difficult to reproduce accurately are printed on the banknote;
Security threads: These are threads or strips embedded in the banknote paper that are visible under ultraviolet light and have unique properties such as color shifting or microprinting;
Holograms: These are three-dimensional images or patterns that change appearance when the banknote is tilted;
Raised printing: Certain portions of the banknote, such as the denomination numeral or other important elements, are printed using a special ink that gives a raised or textured feel to the touch;
Optically variable ink: Ink that changes color or appearance when viewed from different angles;
A magnetic thread is a thin strip embedded in the banknote paper that contains magnetic properties. These magnetic threads are often made of materials such as iron oxide or nickel and are difficult to replicate.

These security features help prevent counterfeiting and ensure the integrity of banknotes in circulation.